Malaysian Cyber Law and Electronic Government Law

SMK GERIK JALAN KUALA KENDERONG 33300 GERIK. PERAK CONSTRUCT CODE: LA3. S07. 1 CURRENT AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT IN NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS CANDIDATE’S NAME:NURUL SHAZLIN BINTI SULAIMAN CANDIDATE’S IC:960717-06-5978 ASSESSOR’S NAME:NOR AZLINA BINTI OTHMAN ASSESSOR’S SIGNATURE: DATE OF SUBMISSION: Index Bil | Content| Page| 1| Introduction | 4| 2| Mobile Computing| | | 2. 1 Definition| 5| | 2. 2 Specifications, Services, and Frequencies of Mobile Computing| 5| 3| Internet Technology and Services| | | 3. 1 VoIP| 6| | 3. 2 BLOG| 6| 4| Types of Network| | | 4. 1 PAN| 7| | 4. 2 VPN| 7| | 4. 3 WLAN| 8| | 4. 4 WIMAX| 8| | Conclusion| 9| | Reference| 9| 1. INTRODUCTION 2. MOBILE COMPUTING 3. 1. Definiton 3. 2. Specification, services, and frequencies of Mobile Computing 3. INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES 4. 3. VoIP 4. 4. BLOG 4. TYPES OF NETWORK 5. 5. PAN 5. 6. VPN 5. 7. WLAN 5. 8. WIMAX 5. CONCLUSION REFERENCE 1. 0 INTRODUCTION A computer network and communicat ion is defined  as a collection of computers and devicesconnected by communications channels that facilitates communications among users and allowsusers to share resources with other users. Computer Network A computer network is a system of interconnected computers and peripheral devices.For example, it may connect computers, printers, scanners and cameras. Using hardware and software, these interconnected computing devices can communicate with each other through defined rules of data communications. In a network, computers can exchange and share information and resources. A computer network may operate on wired connections or wireless connections. When two or more networks are linked or connected and are able to communicate with one another using suitable hardware and software, it is called an internetwork. Communications Communications is about the transfer of information from a sender, across a distance, to a receiver.Using electricity, radio waves or light, information and dat a in the form of codes are transmitted through a physical medium such as wire, cable, or even the atmosphere. Therefore, in order to make communications possible from computers, across telephones and radios and back to computers and other digital devices again, there must be a signal translator, which we call-a modem. The modem, which is short for modulator or demodulator, converts digital signals into analog and back again into digital signals for information to move across the telephone line. Computer NetworkCommunications 2. 0 MOBILE COMPUTING 2. Definition Mobile computing refers to the use of small and portable computing devices in wireless enabled networks that provide wireless connections to a internet or central main server. These devices include laptops, notebook PCs, tablet PCs, palmtops, personal digital assistant (PDAs) and other hand held devices. A radio-signaling device is installed inside these devices for receiving and transmitting electronic data. Mobile computing has enabled users to remain connected while on the move. High end users can opt for satellite based networking which provides wireless connectivity anywhere in the world.However, this technology is costly and will take many years to become as affordable as Wi-Fi and WiMax. 2. 2Specification, services, and frequencies of Mobile Computing The latest 4G device from  T-mobile is the Samsung Galaxy S  4G. This phone works on T-Mobile's HSPA+ 4G network, which uses a different technical standard than Sprint or Verizon Wireless' 4G networks. The Samsung  Galaxy S 4G  is the wireless carrier's first  smartphone   that is capable of delivering theoretical peak download speeds of up to 21 Mbps while in one of T-Mobile's 4G coverage areas.In addition to fast speeds, the  Galaxy S 4G has a large, 4-inch display, a  Samsung 1GHz Cortex A8 Hummingbird processor, and a preinstalled 16GB microSD memory card. Like other phones in  the Galaxy S line, this phone also has Samsung's  Super AMOLED touchscreen display. 3. 0 INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES 3. 1VoIP VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is refered as the transmission of voice traffic over IP-based networks. There are three ways to connect to a VoIP network which is by using a VoIP telephone, using a normal telephone with a VoIP adapter and using a computer with speakers and microphone. . 2BLOG A blog (web log or weblog) is one of the popular activities on the Internet. Most of these blogs are publicly shared and the autors frequently update the content on a regular basis. Blog is usually referred to the text produced by author about his or her thoughts, experiences or interest. The world of blogging is referred as blogosphere. Another new term is the blogonomics, which refers to people using the blogosphere to generate money. The posts to a blog are usually arranged in this order, the most recent entries will always be on top of the journal. . 0 TYPES of NETWORK 4. 1PAN A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a computer network used for communication among computer devices including PCs, laptops, printers, telephones, digital cameras, mobile phone, video game consoles and personal digital assistants, close to one person. PAN may be wired with USB port, Firewire port, Infrared(IrDA) and Bluetooth technologies. Bluetooth is the popular wireless PAN used by most people, especially the mobile phone technologies, and it applies the IEEE 802. 15. 1 standards. 4. 2VPNA Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a network that uses a public telecommunication infrastructure, such as the internet, to remote offices or individuals with secure access to their organisation’s private network. VPN uses tunnelling mechanism to maintain privacy and security of the data. Tunnelling means transmiting data packets across a public network. VPN is often used by companies to provide access from their internal network resources to their home or mobile workers. 4. 3WLAN Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is a t ype of LAN that uses high-frequency radio waves to communicate between nodes.WLAN improves user mobility, speed and scalability to move around within a broad coverage area and still be connected to the network. The IEEE standard for Wireless Lans is 802. 11. 4. 4WIMAX Worlwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is the industry term for broadband wireless access network that is developed based on the IEEE 802. 16 standard. WiMAX is a Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) technology that will connect WiFi hotspots to the Internet and provides a wireless extension to cable and DSL for larger broadband access.WiMAX would operate similar to WiFi but at higher speeds, over greater distances and for a greater number of users. A WiMAX system will have two major parts: * A WiMAX base station, similar in concept to a mobile phone tower. * A WiMAX receiver installed at home. 5. 0 CONCLUSION As a brief conclusion, computer network and communication are expanding rapidly each and e veryday making sharing of information trilion times better before they exist. Mobile computing is now getting edgier by the day. New technologies are being implemented, tested and apply in mobile computing making us and the future another step closer.The internet is also getting better along the lines of the information age. Meanwhile, types of network available for us adding it on top of making computer networks and communications the new best friend. REFERENCE * http://hothardware. com/Reviews/Samsung-Galaxy-S-4G-Review/ * http://blog. propertycrown. com/najib-leaves-for-new-york-seeks-investments/ * http://smklunduictclass. blogspot. com/2012/07/3511-describe-c-types-of-network. html * http://www. escotal. com/Images/computer/PAN. png * http://www. mywistore. com/images/Brent%20Lovett%20060809_WiMax. gif